Georgia EOPA Computer Science Question Bank with Code Explanations
Free Georgia EOPA Computer Science question bank with an explanation for every answer. Covers number systems, data representation, program design and the SDLC, variables and operators, Python code tracing, and computing foundations.
Questions
Which component carries out the instructions of a running program?
- CPU
- RAM
- Solid-state drive
- Power supply
A laptop loses power suddenly. What happens to the data that was only in RAM?
- It is lost
- It is copied to the SSD automatically
- It moves into the CPU cache
- It stays in RAM until the next startup
Which of these is system software?
- An operating system
- A word processor
- A video game
- A photo editor
Which tool translates an entire program into machine code before the program runs?
- A compiler
- An interpreter
- A debugger
- A text editor
Which statement best describes an interpreter?
- It translates and runs code one statement at a time
- It turns the whole program into an .exe file before it runs
- It checks only the spelling inside comments
- It stores program variables in long-term storage
Which language is closest to the machine code a CPU executes?
- Assembly language
- Python
- JavaScript
- SQL
What is the main purpose of an IDE (integrated development environment)?
- To combine editing, running, and debugging tools in one program
- To host finished websites and apps on the internet for other users
- To store passwords in an encrypted vault
- To increase the clock speed of the processor
Which device is an input device?
- Microphone
- Monitor
- Printer
- Speakers
What is cache memory?
- Small, very fast memory near the CPU
- A large and slow drive used for backups
- Memory found only on the graphics card
- Space on the hard drive used as extra RAM
Which type of storage keeps its data when the power is turned off?
- Solid-state drive
- RAM
- CPU registers
- CPU cache
What does it mean for software to be open source?
- Its source code is public to view and modify
- It is guaranteed to be free of bugs because so many people use it
- It can only be installed on computers running Linux
- Businesses are not allowed to use it in their products
What is machine code?
- Binary instructions the CPU runs directly
- English-like commands that anyone can read
- Code written only in the Python language
- Comments that explain what a program does
Processor clock speed is usually measured in:
- Gigahertz (GHz)
- Gigabytes (GB)
- Megabits per second (Mbps)
- Pixels per inch (PPI)
What is the main purpose of a version control system such as Git?
- To track code changes and merge work from a team
- To compile Python programs into faster machine code
- To scan downloaded files for viruses and malware
- To format code so that it follows a style guide
Before installing RAM, which step best protects the parts from static electricity?
- Wear a grounded anti-static wrist strap
- Work on a carpet so the parts stay soft
- Keep the computer plugged in and turned on
- Wipe the RAM with a damp paper towel first
What is the binary number 1101 in decimal?
- 13
- 11
- 15
- 1101
What is the decimal number 25 in binary?
- 11001
- 10011
- 11010
- 10101
How many different values can 8 bits represent?
- 256
- 255
- 128
- 8
How many bits are in one byte?
- 8
- 4
- 10
- 16
What is the hexadecimal number 2F in decimal?
- 47
- 42
- 37
- 215
In hexadecimal, the digit F stands for which decimal value?
- 15
- 16
- 6
- 14
What is the largest value a 4-bit unsigned binary number can hold?
- 15
- 16
- 8
- 4
What is 1010 + 0111 in binary?
- 10001
- 1111
- 10011
- 11101
How many bits does one hexadecimal digit represent?
- 4
- 8
- 2
- 16
Why do computers store data in binary?
- Their circuits have two stable states: on and off
- Binary numbers take up less room than decimal numbers on a page
- Programmers find binary easier to read than decimal
- The first computers were built by people who only knew binary
A program adds 1 to the largest value its bits can hold and gets a wrong, tiny result. What is this called?
- An overflow error
- A round-off error
- A syntax error
- A lossy error
Which file is compressed with a lossy method?
- A JPEG photo
- A ZIP archive
- A PNG image
- A plain text file
What is true about lossless compression?
- The original file can be rebuilt exactly
- Some detail is always thrown away to save more space
- It only works on photos and audio, never on text
- The file always ends up smaller than with lossy
In 24-bit RGB color, which color is (255, 0, 0)?
- Red
- White
- Black
- Blue
Why was Unicode created when ASCII already existed?
- To represent characters from almost every writing system
- To make English text files take up much less space
- To introduce a faster number system to replace binary in modern computers
- To encrypt text so only the receiver can read it
What does this program print? print(bin(5))
- 0b101
- 101
- 5
- 0x5
What does this program print? print(int('101', 2))
- 5
- 101
- 3
- 2
Adding one more bit to a binary number doubles the number of values it can represent.
Which order matches the software development life cycle (SDLC)?
- Plan, design, build, test, deploy, maintain
- Design, plan, test, build, maintain, deploy
- Build, test, plan, design, deploy, maintain
- Plan, build, deploy, design, test, maintain
What is pseudocode?
- Plain-language steps that describe an algorithm
- A programming language that only computers can read
- Code that has been encrypted to hide how it works
- A list of every error message a program can show
In a flowchart, what does a diamond shape represent?
- A decision
- A process
- Input or output
- The start or end
In a flowchart, which shape shows input or output, such as reading a number?
- Parallelogram
- Diamond
- Oval
- Rectangle
Which is the best definition of an algorithm?
- A finite, ordered set of steps that solves a problem
- Any program written in a high-level language such as Python or Java
- A diagram that shows the parts of a computer
- A random guess that is checked until it works
Breaking a big problem into smaller, more manageable parts is called:
- Decomposition
- Abstraction
- Iteration
- Compilation
A map app shows roads but leaves out every tree and mailbox. Which idea does this show?
- Abstraction
- Decomposition
- Encryption
- Iteration
How does Agile development differ from the Waterfall model?
- Agile works in short cycles with frequent feedback
- Agile finishes all design before any code is written
- Agile skips testing so it can release software sooner
- Agile never lets the customer see the program until it is done
After release, users report bugs and ask for new features. Which SDLC phase handles this?
- Maintenance
- Planning
- Design
- Deployment
What are the three basic control structures used to build any algorithm?
- Sequence, selection, and iteration
- Input, output, storage, and processing
- Variables, lists, and functions
- Compile, run, and debug
What is the purpose of a prototype?
- To get early feedback from a simple working model
- To replace the finished product for good
- To prove the final program has no bugs
- To write the full user manual before any design work begins on the project
Which phase of the SDLC produces a list of what the program must do?
- Requirements analysis (planning)
- Testing
- Deployment
- Maintenance
Which sentence is written in the standard Agile user-story format?
- As a student, I want to see my grades so that I can track my progress
- The grades page must load in under two seconds on every school laptop in the building
- Fix the login bug before Friday's release meeting
- The database will use a students table and a grades table
What does this pseudocode display? SET total TO 0 FOR EACH n IN [3, 5, 2] IF n > 2 THEN SET total TO total + n END IF END FOR DISPLAY total
- 8
- 10
- 5
- 3
Why do programmers write comments in code?
- To explain the code to people; the computer ignores them
- To make the program run faster on older hardware by giving the CPU hints
- To tell the computer which lines to run first
- To hide the code from anyone who opens the file
In a flowchart, an oval is used for the start and end of the process.
Which are good reasons to plan with pseudocode or a flowchart before coding?
- You can find logic mistakes before writing code
- Teammates who use other languages can follow the plan
- The finished program will need no testing
- The program will run faster on any computer